This makes its impact more intense and last longer. People with caffeine sensitivity take longer to process and eliminate caffeine from their system. This enzyme plays a role in how quickly your liver metabolizes caffeine. People with caffeine sensitivity produce less of a liver enzyme called CYP1A2. Genetics may also play a role in how your liver metabolizes caffeine. People with this gene variation feel caffeine’s affects more powerfully and for longer periods of time. It also impacts other neurotransmitters that have a stimulating, feel-good effect, such as dopamine.Īccording to a 2012 study, people with caffeine sensitivity have an amplified reaction to this process caused by a variation in their ADORA2A gene. Caffeine binds to adenosine receptors in the brain, blocking their ability to signal us when we become fatigued. The more active your brain is, the more adenosine it produces.Īs adenosine levels build up, you become more and more tired. They fire billions of times a day in reaction to your biological processes, movements, and thoughts. Neurotransmitters act as a type of messenger service between neurons. They do this with the help of chemical neurotransmitters, such as adenosine and adrenaline. The job of neurons is to transmit instructions within the brain and nervous system. Your brain is made up of around 100 billion nerve cells, called neurons. This includes the medication theophylline and the herbal supplements ephedrine and echinacea. Some medications and herbal supplements can increase caffeine’s effects. Many factors can result in caffeine sensitivity, such as gender, age, and weight. A caffeine allergy occurs if your immune system mistakes caffeine as a harmful invader and attempts to fight it off with antibodies. A variety of factors causes caffeine sensitivity, such as genetics and your liver’s ability to metabolize caffeine. This isn’t the same thing as an allergy to caffeine, though. People with heightened hypersensitivity to caffeine can’t tolerate small amounts of it without experiencing negative side effects. They can have large amounts of caffeine, late in the day, and not experience side effects, such as unwanted wakefulness. HyposensitivityĪccording to a 2011 study, around 10 percent of the population carries a gene linked to higher caffeine intake. People in this range can take in up to 400 milligrams of caffeine daily, without experiencing adverse effects. Most people have a normal sensitivity to caffeine. While there’s no specific test which measures caffeine sensitivity, most people fall within one of three groups: Normal sensitivity Caffeine sensitivity can also fluctuate daily, based upon multiple changing factors. Others experience insomnia hours after drinking a small glass of cola. One person can drink a triple-shot espresso without getting the jitters. There are varying degrees of caffeine sensitivity. Caffeine is produced naturally in plants that grow cocoa beans, kola nuts, coffee beans, tea leaves, and other substances. Caffeine is a popular stimulant that impacts the central nervous system.
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